Preparations have begun for the potential introduction of a reserve force within the Armed Forces of Bosnia and Herzegovina, following an instruction issued by Defense Minister Zukan Helez. A working group has already produced a preliminary draft regulation that would define how such a force might be structured and engaged. While common in many countries as a means of reinforcing regular troops, in BiH the proposal has reignited political tensions and skepticism.
Although the development of a model for activating up to 5,000 reservists is in progress, defense analysts warn that the current budget—just 0.7% of GDP—is insufficient. Without a significant increase in funding and political consensus, implementation appears unlikely. In comparison, EU member states are now pushing defense spending toward 5% of GDP.
Hamza Višća, military-political analyst, argues that a reassessment of security priorities is needed:
“We might conclude that we don’t need an active reserve at all, but rather a restructuring of the armed forces to focus more on air defense, combat readiness, and vital infrastructure.”
The move is also being interpreted differently across the country. In Republika Srpska, Helez’s directive is seen as a countermeasure to the entity’s formation of auxiliary police units.
Predrag Ćeranić, Dean of the Faculty of Security in Banja Luka, commented:
“If this came from the police, it would be one thing. But from the Ministry of Defense, it takes on a different weight. It would make more sense to see such auxiliary forces in cantons like Sarajevo or Una-Sana.”
Meanwhile, the Armed Forces are struggling to fill their current ranks, prompting proposals to raise the retirement age for professional soldiers from 40 to 45. Some lawmakers claim they are not aware of the reserve force initiative.
Džemal Smajić, member of the Bosniak Club in the House of Peoples, said:
“I think it’s impossible right now. Too much needs to be done before we can even consider such a proposal.”
Despite the skepticism, activating a reserve force remains a key recommendation in the official Defense Review. The law stipulates that the reserve must not exceed half the size of the active-duty military, with the final decision resting with the BiH Presidency. If introduced, it could pave the way for future implementation of regular or voluntary military service in the country.
